八难 (八難) bā nán

bā nán phrase eight difficulties
Domain: Buddhism 佛教 , Subdomain: , Concept:
Notes: Difficulties in hearing and practicing the Dharma: 1. In Hell, 2. in the Hungry Ghost Realm, 3. in the Animal Realm, 4. in the Heavenly Realm, 5. in the Excellent Continent Uttarakuru, 6. having a Physical or Mental Disability, 7. Birth as a Philosopher, 8. Birth Between Buddhas (Tzu Chuang 2012, pp. 81-84)

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